Honesty Is The Best Policy

It is clear that the area of nanomedical applications and nanoparticulate pharmaceutical delivery advances will elaborate tremendously in the near future. Nanogel-drug formulations will be farther assessed in application to other drug consignment paths, such as oral, aerosolic or transdermal administration. A undertaking submission for nanogel-encapsulated NTP is aerosolic pulmonary drug consignment. In this mode of management, the fastest and most direct pharmaceutical delivery can be achieved, particularly for the treatment of lung cancerous disease and pulmonary diseases such as influenza, which are expanding worldwide.`Aerosolic drug-loaded nanogel particles can be easily administered deep into the lungs at first signals of infection. This timely remedy will save the airway epithelium from rapid degradation and development of critical secondary infections. Specific aimed at nanogels will be evolved as shortly as novel receptors and ligands are found out in the disease/virus-affec ted tissues and body parts. On the other hand, powerful metal-chelating properties of nanogels can provide added modalities in post-synthetic modifications of the carriers for diagnostic and therapeutic reason. Subsequent study will reveal the genuine potential of nanogels and nanogel formulations with nucleoside analogs in accomplishing more convoluted aims associated with methodical preclinical studies.Name of the Research Groups Contact Details Area of Research Dr Todd R. Hoare Associate Professor Department of Chemical Engineering McMaster UniversityDepartment of Chemical Engineering 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L7, CanadaOffice: JHE A409 email: [email  protected] Investigating nanogels which change their dimensions, their affinity with other chemicals in their environment, or their optical properties upon controlled changes to the gel environmentSiegwart Research group, The University of TexasGeneral Address 5323 Harry Hines Blvd. Dallas, TX 75390-8807 Office Pho ne: 214-645-6354 [email  protected] Siegwart LabPrepartion of cationic nanogel for nucleic acid delivery. The O’Hern Group,Yale School Of Engineering and Applied ScienceDepartment of Mechanical Engineering | Yale University | P. O. Box 208286 | New Haven, CT 06520-8286 Self-assembly of protein nanogels, and the structural and mechanical properties of cells and tissues.Name of the Research Groups Contact Details Area of Research Marina Resmini’s research group Queen Mary University Of London Queen Mary University Of London Mile End Road London E14NS TEL:+ 44(0) 2078825555 Polymeric Nanogels .New Junior Research GroupFreie UniversityFreie Università ¤t Berlin Kaiserswerther Str. 16-18 14195 Berlin Germany University Telephone Exchange: + 49 / 30 / 838-1Investigates Nanogels for Cancer TherapyGeorgia institute of technology group AtlantaGeorgia Institute of Technology North Ave. Atlanta, Georgia 30332Development of drug delivery vehicles for macromolecular therapeutics

Legal and Ethical Issues at Workplace Essay

Introduction In this paper, legal and ethical issues will be discussed in connection with the current, previous and potential future habitability of the â€Å"health and safety of employees,† which is currently an important issue was the state of each and every country. Estimated mortality, along with the injury shows that a number of companies in past and present encountered several problems as well as in the near future, they will also continue in the direction facing the types of ethical and legal issues. All kinds of approximations and expenses related to workers’ health, along with safety and security that occurred in an organization depicts that safety issues were not a priority of the company; due to this the number of legal issues relating to costs and penalties can be experienced by companies (Granger 2010). Understanding of Employee Health & Safety Issues In the current competitive culture to the smooth performance of the company, it is necessary to ensure the safety and security of its employees. Health and safety includes an important part of work culture. Safety pertains towards act of defending physical well being of the employee (Clarke and White 2002). Additionally, it also involves risk of accidents involved due  to the machinery, fire and diseases. Security issues towards defending facilities along with equipments from the unauthorized approach and also guarding employees at time if they have been on work. Generally responsibility of the employee health along with safety falls on supervisors or Human Resource managers of the company (Swanton 2005). All these laws and plans for health and safety have been made by the government. These rules and regulations made ​​by the government shows that the director of personnel, organizations can help in the coordination of safety programs, resulting in employees aware of health and safety plans and policies of the company and to conduct a formal safety training, etc. In addition to supervisors and departmental heads are responsible for providing a safe working environment (Employees’ health and safety responsibilities, 2013). Subsequently some peculiar responsibilities have been decided by the government and organizations on the part of managers and supervisors which are as follows: Responsibilities of Managers: Observe health and safety of employees Instruct employees to be safety alert Look into accidents Clearly communicate regarding safety policy to employees (Lefkowitz 2003) Responsibilities of supervisors/departmental heads: Offer technical training concerning to obviation of accidents Align health and safety programs Train employees on treating facilities and equipments Formulation of safety reporting systems Assertion of safe working conditions (Hooker 2002) Within the framework of the organizations present different approaches to ensure the health and safety of its employees, but all of the approaches do not focus on the contribution of each of the design work and employee behavior to safety. Focus on both of these approaches is necessary to make this regulatory approach towards the safety and efficacy (Cahn and Markie 1998). Many organizational and individual issues are in the management of workers’ health and safety, which are as follows and should be managed ethically otherwise it can guide the organization in relation to the various legal issues. Workplace Issues: Ethical and Legal Physical Work Settings The physical position of the individual affects the performance of employees, and some of the factors that include temperature, noise, lighting, the size of the working area and the type of materials that make an impact on staff working with these factors (Granger 2010). Sick Building Syndrome This is a situation in which employees are acute health problems and anxiety because of the time spent in the workplace. Some factors that can guide sick building recognize poor air quality, inadequate ventilation, inappropriate cleanliness, food smell and Adhesives, etc (Clarke and White 2002). Ergonomics Ergonomics is the analysis of the physiological, psychological, and engineering design work prospects, letting factors such as fatigue, lighting, tools, equipment layout and placement of checks. This is the  boundary between humans and machines. In such a situation, problems like back pain, eye strain and headaches appear because of the long working hours are spent (Clarke and White 2002). Engineering of Work Equipments and Materials Accidents happen used in the organization can be excluded in this way, by the right placement of unsafe vehicles. Besides the construction of machinery and equipment also operates a key role in the safety of employees, as offering security guards and hide in the equipment, emergency stop pushing and other materials can help reduce accidents significantly (Clarke and White 2002). Cumulative Trauma and Repetitive Stress Cumulative trauma disorders fall, when the muscles are constantly used to perform some tasks. This in turn causes damage to musculoskeletal and nervous system. Employees need to meet the high level of mental and physical stress and due to this kind of stress and trauma (Clarke and White 2002). Accident Rates and Individuals Individual access to a secure environment also helps to dive accidents. It’s generally more of a nuisance as stimulated due to careless approach staff than on the machines or the employer’s negligence. The positive attitude of organizations and employers to the work environment and other practices can contribute to safety of employees, and not some other issues (Clarke and White 2002). Ethical Responsibility Individual access to a secure environment also helps to dive accidents. It’s generally more of a nuisance as stimulated due to careless approach staff than on the machines or the employer’s negligence. The positive attitude of organizations and employers to the work environment and other practices can  contribute to safety of employees, and not some other issues (Employee Health and Safety, 2013). Ethical Theories Consequentialist theory suggests that an act is morally wrong if it leads to the consequences of false or considered harmful by the vast majority of people in the community. Consequentialist theory requires evaluation of the actual effects of the law, which include the effects of direct and indirect alike. It also requires the use of some type of rules and evaluation criteria for determining whether the result is beneficial or harmful (Audi 1997). The theory is prescriptive because it is the use of evaluative criteria to guide whether individuals should lead or avoid the act. For the application of this theory, there should be a general agreement in society to the nature of the evaluation criteria. This theory also suggests that the ethics of each case must be determined according to the specific circumstances without reference to the legal or moral standard is absolute (Cahn and Markie 1998). Consequentialist approach and one that is utilitarian, which deals with the work on the basis of good winning or damage with the well-being or happiness as a result of the relevant assessment criteria. Consequentialist theory, however, suggests that the evaluative norms may be relevant to social or cultural factors. When the consequentialist theory is applied to this situation (employee health and safety) it suggests that the actions of the managers and employers can be unethical if they do not care about employees’ health and safety. From the consequentialist perspective, the negative consequences of the managers’ actions far outweighed the positive consequences of increasing their personal wealth (Hooker 2002). Deontological theories of ethics to determine the acts that constitutes or may not be based on the relationship which led to the duty. On the other  hand, deontological theories do not examine the outcomes of acts. Deontological ethics also postulates that adherence to the Duty set by the social relations is a moral obligation (Audi 1997). In the approach to ethics is imperative developed by Kant, one of the maxims is to treat others as an end and never as a means. Pluralistic intuitive approach to deontological ethics adopted by Ross suggests the existence of prima facie duties apply to all individuals regardless of the specific nature of the relationship. These duties include fidelity, and compensation after causing damage, and non-injury to others. These general duties, however, do not preclude the creation of specific duties in a relationship by explicit or implicit agreement (Cahn and Markie 1998). In addition, the deontological theories do not clearly describe the hierarchy of duties when a conflict arises between obligations, although there is general agreement that the duty not to harm others takes priority over other duties. Applying deontological theories to this situation (employee health and safety) requires assessing the general and specific duties of the managers and employers arising from their relationships to the firm and its stakeholders. The mangers have general duties for workers’ safety, accidental harms, and other health issues and to make reparations in the event if they are harmed because of the lack of safety measures (Hooker 2002). Virtue ethics postulates the existence of a fixed set of moral rules that an individual can use to determine the rightness of an action. A virtue is a disposition to respond in a good or appropriate way to a situation or event. From this perspective, virtue is character trait. At the same time, virtue ethics has a normative dimension in which it describes the types of responses to situations that are moral or appropriate for all people (Audi 1997). In this theoretical approach, an action is right only if it is the action that an individual with a virtuous character would perform in the same situation. Applying virtue ethics to this situation leads to the conclusion that the managers of a firm may be unethical because they did not behave in a manner expected of a virtuous person in the situation if any of the employees got hurt, injured etc. Although consequentialist theory, deontological theory, and virtue ethics have different approaches to assessing ethical behavior in an organization they arrive at the same conclusions (Cahn and Markie 1998). The consequentialist theories view the outcome of the harm caused to employees as the critical factor determining the ethics of the behavior. The deontological theories examine the breach of laws under OSHA and implicit duties as the controlling factor determining the ethics of any accidental events in an organization. Virtue ethics propose that virtuous people would not have performed the acts of irresponsibility and carelessness. The behavior of the managers and employers is said to be unethical regardless of the ethical framework used for evaluating the events leading to the collapse of the firm (Employee Health and Safety 2013). Legal Responsibility Numerous laws are contrived to defend workers from illness and injury. Most prominent act in this regard is the â€Å"Occupational Safety and Health Administration† that was created in 1970 within the â€Å"U.S. department of Labor† (Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2013). The official duty of this act is â€Å"to make sure worker safety and health in the United States by working with employers and employees to demonstrate better working environments.† (Employee Health and Safety 2013) The implementation of this act had helped in cutting workplace deaths by â€Å"more than 60 percent and occupational injury and illness rates by 40 percent†. This act had explicated number of responsibilities for employers along with numerous rights of employees that can be used by an employee if he does not found organization concerned about his own health and safety (Occupational Safety and Health Administration 2013). From the time of this acts implementation various organization and employers are charged for not asserting with their determined responsibilities. Employer Responsibilities under OSHA: Under this act following are the duties and responsibilities of employer towards their employees’ health and safety: Meet with general duty obligation to offer a workplace free from documented hazards that are inducing or are potential to induce death or serious physical harm to employees and follow with standards, rules and regulations issued under the act. Define yourself and your staff with mandatory OSHA standards and make copies available to staff for reconsideration upon request. Continuous assessment of workplace conditions to ensure that they meet with appropriate standards. Minimize and reduce safety and health endangerments. Ensure that employees have and use safe tools and equipments. Offer medical examinations’ whenever required by OSHA standards. These are some peculiar responsibilities of employers along with number of other responsibilities. (Employee Health and Safety 2013) Employee Rights under OSHA: Under OSHA rules, employees have a right to know about the hazards to which they may be exposed at work. In addition to this employees have a right to seek a safe workplace without fear of punishment. The right is spelled out in section 11(c) of the act and all employees are covered except workers who are self employed and public employees in state and local government. This law also delineates that employers should not punish or discriminate against workers for exercising complaining and filing safety and health grievances.  This detailed discussion of employee health and safety concerned act OSHA depicts that it is necessary to organize and employers to adhere to their responsibilities and only they can be charged and directed in a number of other issues that would cause damage to its image as well (Occupational Safety and Health Administration 2013). In addition to OSHA other acts efforts in this regard are â€Å"Worker’s Compensation Law† (Occupational Safety and Health Administration 2013). The law deals with all accidental injuries and occupational diseases and during the growing and compass work. This involves a disease or injury resulting from such injuries. In general, this law does not offer compensation for any of the following conditions: Mental or nervous injury due to stress There is a work-related condition that causes the employee to have a fear or dislike of another individual race, color or national origin, religion, sex and age. Pain and suffering from the condition (Employee Health and Safety 2013). Under this law, the employer can be injured worker litigation to bring about the incident cannot be injured worker litigation employer to injury. This trade-off of this law makes it possible to injured workers to receive immediate medical care, at no cost to the injured worker, without any thinking about who was at fault, the employer or the employee. In the civil law is the perception that the negligence must be demonstrated through litigation before any compensation is awarded (Occupational Safety and Health Administration 2013). Recommendations Organizations should work to improve the welfare of employees and, therefore, should be trouble-free. Terms of health, safety, and security are closely related to each other. Health was the general state of well being. This not  only allows for the physical well being selected, however, also along with his healthy mind and body. It is believed that every organization should take care of the physical parameters of the work in which its employees work otherwise it can lead to a number of ethical and legal issues. Due to the legal act one can confer that each and every organization should follow with their ethical responsibility towards employees’ health and safety as they are also a vital part of the country and society from which it also belongs. Conclusion In the end, of the detailed discussion of ethical and legal issues in regard to employee health and safety we can conclude that organizations can avoid all these issues if they manage it with all-inclusive efforts from the time to employee hiring to his performance at workplace. If an organization abides with the established rules and regulations it will achieve immense success in the maintenance of employee health and safety. Adoption of appropriate laws and acts along with appropriate implementation of essential programs can furnish an organization with effective approach to manage and handle employees’ health and safety. References Audi, R. (1997). Moral knowledge and ethical character. New York: Oxford University Press. Cahn, S. & Markie, P. (1998). Ethics: History, theory, and contemporary issues. New York: Oxford University Press. Hooker, B. (2002). Ideal code, real world: A rule-consequentialist theory of morality. New York: Oxford University Press. Lefkowitz, J. (2003). Ethics and values in industrial organization psychology. Mahwah NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Swanton, C. (2005). Virtue ethics: A pluralistic view. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Hughes, Phil and Ferrett, Ed (2009) Introduction to Health and Safety at Work. taylor & francis; 4 edition Jane Clarke; Alex White; (2002) A guide to good employment practice in the community & voluntary sector. Dublin: Combat Poverty Agency. Granger, Lisa (2010) Best Practices in Occupational Health, Safety, Workers Compensation and Claims Management for Employers: Assisting Employers in Navigating â€Å"The Road to Zero†. Universal Publishers Employee Health and Safety. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.wbcsdcement.org: http://www.wbcsdcement.org/index.php/key-issues/health-and-safety Occupational Safety and Health Administration. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.osha.gov: http://www.osha.gov/

Supervisory techniques

The word counseling can be defined as the process of helping persons who are fundamentally psychologically healthy or otherwise resolve developmental and situational issues. Supervisory techniques are essential and incorporate some advances that may not be themselves referred as counseling such as creative problem solving but have similar aim. A successful counselor has a mature and well balanced state of mind and temperament and places him/her self in the shoes of the counselee, and has the ability to respect their (counselee) opinions, thoughts, feelings and emotions.After evaluating the story as described, a realistic, practical solution can be developed individually at first if this is beneficial, and then jointly to encourage the participants to give their best efforts at orienting their relationship with each other. It must be noted that the change in situations like financial status, physical health, and the influence of family members and friends can have an adverse negative influence on the conduct, responses and actions of the those counselee.The scope of counseling covers a wide and diversified field of study as it includes what one would imagine far and beyond these identified topics;- Abortion counseling, Brief therapy, Career Counseling, Christian counseling, Counseling psychology, Credit counseling, Cross-cultural counseling, Disaster counseling, Disciplinary counseling, Ecological counseling, Family & marriage counseling, Genetic counseling, Grief & trauma counseling, Marriage counseling, Pastoral counseling, Relationship counseling , Rehabilitation counseling, Sexual trauma counseling, Suicide intervention etc. 1.0) Pregnancy Options and Abortion counseling This provides information and support for a pregnant woman who is considering between the choices regarding the continuation of the pregnancy. The choices include continuing the pregnancy for parenting or adoption and pregnancy termination. In reality, qualified advisors take the information with certainty and encouragingly that helps each woman make the best decision for her. Counselors require up-to-date knowledge of local and national laws governing women's pregnancy choices, especially concerning adolescents and their rights to make such decisions.The tie between forced abortion and mental health is no more associated with psychological danger than carrying an unwanted pregnancy to term. Psychological effects of abortion It was noted that adverse emotional reactions to the abortion are influenced by pre-existing psychological conditions and other negative factors and, furthermore, that well-being was separately and positively related to employment, income, and education, but negatively related to total number of children. The kind of stress and the amount of stress women experience varies from culture to culture.Emotional distress may occur in a majority of women who are contemplating or have had an abortion due to a number of factors, including pre-existing mental health problems, the status of the woman's relationship with her partner, poor economic status, poor social network, or conservative views held on abortion. The term â€Å"post-abortion syndrome† was used as it was stated that it had been observed post-traumatic stress disorder which developed in response to the stress of abortion.While some studies have shown a correlation between abortion and clinical depression, anxiety, suicidal behaviors, or adverse effects on women's sexual functions for a small number of women, these correlations may be explained by pre-existing social circumstances and emotional health and various factors, such as emotional attachment to the pregnancy, lack of support, and conservative views on abortion, may increase the likelihood of experiencing negative reactions. Abortion might mean a selection of women at higher risk for suicide because of reasons like depression.The study concluded that compared to other women in the group those who had an abor tion were subsequently more likely to have â€Å"mental health problems including depression, anxiety, suicidal behaviors and substance use disorders. 1. 1) Career Counseling Career choices are based on matching personal traits (aptitude, abilities, resources, personality) with job factors (wages and environment for success. This framework contains three sections: a) Acquaintance with the necessary requirements and conditions of achievement, positive and negative effects, returns, opportunities, and prospects in different area’s of work.b) A true reasoning of the relations of these two groups of facts 1. 2) Christian counseling Christian counseling is carried out by a qualified counselor who upholds Christian ethics values, beliefs and philosophy. The uniting element is the therapist, who has integrated a combination of Christianity, psychology, and psychotherapy into the applied program. Counselees look at Biblical guidance and counseling as a perfect relationship with a ca ring counselor directed toward increased awareness of themselves, others, the societies and cultures in which they live, and their understanding of the Christian God.The therapy may take an ad-hoc approach, focusing simply on the therapy session itself. Clients may be more comfortable with a Christian counselor, and they may feel such a person's advice is more sensitive to their personal or religious needs. Some clients also wish to use the Christian Bible as a reference for their counseling sessions and therapy. 1. 3) Disciplinary counseling A disciplinary counseling is a session or a meeting between an employer and an employee or a supervisor and his/her junior employee.It may focus and put more emphasis on a specific work place scenario or in carrying out a performance appraisal. The counseling process may be scheduled, initiated and executed by the supervisor and is not considered disciplinary. It is conducted in ultimate privacy, and is intended to have a constructive goal of p roviding feedback to the employee to correct the problem. 1. 4) Pastoral counseling Pastoral or Biblical counseling is a branch of therapy in which ordained ministers, rabbis, priests and others provide therapy services.These include Marriage and Family Counselors. Pastoral counseling is essentially a non-licensure. Counselees often will not pay for pastoral counseling of counselors without state licensing which is often synonymous with pastoral care that include Christian Counselors, Clinical pastoral education.. 1. 5) Rehabilitation counseling This type of counseling takes interest on assisting those with disabilities to achieve their personal, career, and independent living goals through a counseling process.Though educational programs have began to appear, it is not until the availability of adequate funding for rehabilitation counseling programs that the profession begun to grow and establish its own identity. 1. 6) Suicide intervention Counseling Suicide intervention is an eff ort to stop or prevent persons attempting or contemplating suicide from killing themselves. Individuals who utter the intention cause harm to self are routinely determined to lack the present mental capacity to refuse treatment, and can be transported to an emergency department against their will.Medical advice pertaining people who attempt or consider suicide is that they should immediately go or be taken to the nearest emergency room, or emergency services should be called immediately by them or anyone aware of the problem. Modern medicine treats suicide as a mental health issue. According to medical practice, severe suicidal ideation, that is, serious contemplation or planning of suicide is a medical emergency and that the condition requires immediate emergency medical treatment. Those suffering from depression are considered as high-risk group for suicidal behavior.When depression is a major factor, successful treatment of the depression usually leads to the disappearance of sui cidal thoughts. However, medical treatment of depression is not always successful, and lifelong depression can contribute to recurring suicide attempts. 1. 7) Career Counseling A career was initially taken as a course of successive situations that make up a person's work life. One can have a sporting, musical or any other without being a real professional athlete or musician, but most frequently â€Å"career† in the 20th century referenced the series of jobs or positions by which one earned one's money.Career Assessments are tests that come in a variety of forms and rely on both quantitative and qualitative methodologies and helps individuals to identify and better articulate their unique interests, values, and skills. These type of advisors evaluates major interests, values and skills, of the client and also help them explore career options and research graduate and professional schools. This field is vast and includes career placement, career planning, learning strategies a nd student development.Typically when people come for career counseling they know exactly what they want to get out of the process, but are unsure about how it will work Career counselors work with people from all walks of life such as adolescents looking to explore career options or with experienced professionals looking for a career change. Career advisors normally have psychology, vocational psychology, or industrial/organizational setting. The approach of career counseling varies by practitioner, but generally they include the completion of one or more assessments. 1.8 Credit counseling It is also known as debt counseling. This is a process offering education to consumers about how to avoid incurring debts that cannot be repaid. This process is actually more debt counseling than a function of credit education. This type counseling involves discussing with lenders in ascertaining a debt management plan (DMP) for a consumer. A DMP may help the debtor repay his or her debt by worki ng out a repayment plan with the creditor. DMPs, set up by credit counselors, usually offer reduced payments, fees and interest rates to the client.It merely gives a fresh start and an opportunity for the client to begin building a positive credit history. Criticism for credit counseling These sharp increases of credit counseling activity also created other, more serious issues in the industry and they include: a) Exploitation by most credit guidance organizations are so significant which leads to criticism of the entire industry. b) Another common criticism of credit counseling is the assertion that participating in a Debt Management Plan will ruin a consumer’s credit.d) Severally many credit advice firms hire untrained staff to do credit counseling. References 1) Swanson, J. L. and Parcover, J. A. (1998). Annual Review: Practices and Research in career counseling and development — 1997. The Career Development Quarterly. 47, 2, 98-135. 2) Kim, B. S, Li, L. C. , and Li an, C. T. (2002) Effects of Asian American client adherence to Asian cultural values, session goal, and counselor emphasis of client expression on career counseling process. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 49, 3, 342-354.

Response to Ethan Watters article in the New York Times The Essay

Response to Ethan Watters article in the New York Times The Americanization of Mental Illness why does America make mental il - Essay Example Why America makes mental illness socially unacceptable or not is a long heated debate and is explained in detail. If we are able to globalize Big Mac burgers and Nike shoes, then it doesn’t seem very difficult to have same kind of illness influence around the world in other cultures. I do believe that if we can globalize clothing, restaurants, and products, then it’s not too far of a stretch that with the meshing of cultures we could also globalize our illnesses. This article explains anorexia and depression are forms of Western Illnesses and they are spreading around in various parts of the world where they were initially not described as common part of illness. The article explains us that it is because we see these medical disorders in other cultures, that is why we decide to treat them in the same way that they would b treated in Western world. However the article doesn’t seem to be concerned about the illnesses that were found in United States. This article further explains that helping those who are mentally disable is completely misleading as one shoe cannot fit everyone. According to United States, people who are suffering from mental disorders are being imposed with economic stress. This in turn acts as a negative impact on the most fruitful years of work. This not only affects the individual but its family and mainly the society bringing great economic loss. This is also one of the reasons why United States make mental illness socially unacceptable. Stigmatizers usually assume that an individual who is stigmatized will eventually engage in immoral behavior towards others. It further describes that patients with mental disorders place great pressure on the society and are a source of potential danger towards citizens living around and the society on a whole. This dangerousness of the mentally ill people usually occurs due to poor habits that were previously inculcated in them. Mentally ill people are not only a threat for themselve s but they also lack certain human qualities that a normal human being has. It is because, mental illness is not related to ones will or within one’s control but it is a biological foundation that will remain out of control of an individual. However, Professor Bennett Leventhal of the University of Illinois Medical Center argued that this perspective is at odds with the campaign’s intent, which was to â€Å" ‘†¦speak to the point that these are real diseases and if you don’t do something they can consume your child’ † (as cited in Kaufman, 2007). This mental illness aids in social exclusion and also impedes recovery. Mental illness is an experience that is extremely isolating. This isolation can further be worsened if it gets combined with other experiences of isolation and social stigma. People get socially isolated and enter its vicious cycle after they are diagnosed with their mental disorder. This diagnosis is also disturbing as it n ot heals an individual back to normal but it further deteriorates the situation and leads to greater isolation from society. This mental illness damages the society as whole because it proves difficulties in maintaining relationships, maintaining daily tasks and informal and formal networks. As we move further, there are laws that also highlights the low significance of mentally ill people in the society and the laws that are specially derived for such

China in the 21st Century Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

China in the 21st Century - Thesis Example However, it should also be noted in this regard that the stated facets should not be distorted just for the reason of sustaining or for supporting a specific policy consequence1. The existence of intelligence activities in a particular democracy is learnt to exist since long. It is considered to necessary for a certain democracy for the reason of defending the particular state or country in opposition to every form of threats with respect to the national security. The services related to the security intelligence are considered to be facet related to the police force of the nation and so is considered to be a legal activity. It was long forecasted by various analysts of the West that China was competent enough to have a greater degree of control as well as influence with respect to the global scenario. China is considered to be the sole nation in order to value the annual assessments of the different military activities with regard to the United States Congress. ... with respect to China, the most potential and imperative aspect of the nation, which is measured to be its intelligence has been learnt to be usually ignored by the US. It needs to be mentioned in this regard that the intelligence activities conducted by China was viewed to be amongst the greatest risks posed to the US in the recent times2. Thesis Statement The study would intend to focus on the activities that are carried out by the intelligence agencies of China or rather the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Various attempts are found to be made by the PRC to obtain information regarding the programs related to the nuclear weapons. It also requires to be mentioned in this respect that China has already proved to be successful to a significant extent in getting hold of the desired kind of information. In relation to this particular context, the assortment of methods that are learnt to be made use of by the PRC in order to collect information from the US would also be concent rated on along with providing a detailed explanation for each. Based on the provided explanation, the most effective method engaged by the PRC which could be measured to be the greatest threat for the US would be ascertained. Human Intelligence Overseas The Chinese espionage is considered to be managed primarily by two different agencies, i.e. the People’s Liberation Army (PLA), particularly the Second Department of the General Staff Department of the PLA and the Ministry of State Security (MSS). While the facet of intelligence is perceived to be quite a recognizable complexity for any intelligence forecaster, the modus operandi of the Chinese intelligence is however known to offer some form of new realistic complicatedness with regard to the attempts put in by the western

What is the marketing of Pampers diaper product and why is it marketed Assignment

What is the marketing of Pampers diaper product and why is it marketed in this way - Assignment Example The brand of Pampers always tried to maintain a strong relationship with its target customers and so desired to offer highly innovative products at a competitive price. In order to fulfil such strategy, it introduced pamper diapers for the babies of varying sizes. However, in order to enhance the position of the products in the market, it used varied techniques such as: Sampling program-in order to position the new product, pampers used to offer gif samples to the mothers. By doing so, the reliability and loyalty of the customers might get enhanced that might prove effective for the new product; diapers. Vigorous advertising- in order to market the new product, Pampers offered higher concentration over the process of advertising. However, it is done in order to enhance the level of awareness of the customers thereby amplifying the total sale and profitability of the brand. But it mainly focused on television advertisements, newspaper advertisements highlighting clean and comfortable nights, long sound-sleep day times. By doing so, the brand might enhance its position and brand image of its products in the market and within the minds of the customers. The product of diapers is marketed in the above mentioned fashion in order to analyse and evaluate the purchasing behaviour of the target customers. Apart from this, by doing so, the brand might analyse, which segment (newborn, extra protect, night, fresh comforts and wipes) is highly preferred by the customers. Along with this, the brand might also evaluate, which segments presents the highest sale and revenue among others. By doing so, the brand of Pampers might offer high concentration over that specific segment thereby amplifying its consistency and loyalty in the market among other segments. This might help the brand of Pampers to enhance its market demand and reliability in the market thereby fading the popularity of its competitor; Huggies (Pampers, 2014). Other than this,

Explication of Shakespeare Passage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Explication of Shakespeare Passage - Essay Example By â€Å"Powder† Friar refers to gunpowder and triumph of fire and gunpowder is the bright show of fireworks that happen when the two come into contact. Consume means consume each other. Once the fireworks is over, theres nothing left. Just observe the smoke! Friar explains that the ecstasy of love is not an everlasting feature; the experience of such pleasures is impermanent and fleeting. This is Friars metaphor. "The sweetest honey / Is loathsome in his own deliciousness / And in the taste confounds the appetite" (2.6.11-13). Even the sweetest honey consumed in quantity over and over again, will lead to vomiting-sensation. Even the best of things, need to be appreciated moderately. The Friar, in conclusion, advises Romeo to "love moderately; long love doth so; / Too swift arrives as tardy as too slow" (2.6.14-15). He wants him to tread the path of love with utmost caution, and think properly about the consequences of his actions. This is s story engulfed in bitter conflicts related to love. This love-hate situations develop in strange circumstances and all of a sudden! The play is set in Verona, Italy. In a street brawl between the two feuding families, Montagues and Capulets, The Prince of Verona intervenes and cautions them that further breach of peace will be punishable by death. Later, Count Paris takes up the issue with Lord Capulet about marrying his daughter but Capulet doesnt agree as Juliet is only thirteen. He asks Paris to wait for two more years and requests him to attend a preplanned Capulet ball. Lady Capulet and the nurse of Juliet persuade Juliet to accept courtship of Paris. In a scene at the house of Montague, Benvolio has a talk with his cousin Romeo, Lord Montagues son, about his recent depression. The root cause is Romeos infatuation for a girl named Rosaline, one of Capulets nieces. On being persuaded by

Business Financing and the Capital Structure Essay

Business Financing and the Capital Structure - Essay Example Financial planning of the corporation would include building a plan to meet the expenses of the future through its holdings on assets after considering the predicted future cash flows and plans for withdrawal or allocation of funds. Financial planning help the corporations to understand the changes required in the areas of investment and allocation of assets in order to meet their financial goals. Thus financial planning ensures smooth transition of the financial position of the companies to attain the long term goals in future and also to meet the short term operational need. The process of financial planning is significant for the companies to attain sustainability in a competitive market (Baker and  Powell, 2009). Working capital of corporations is the difference between the current assets and current liabilities of the corporation. Working capital management involves maintenance of optimum levels of both the current liabilities and current assets of the corporation. Optimum lev el of current asset and current liabilities indicate maintenance of sufficient current assets and cash in hand in order to meet the short term liability and expenses for daily operation in an efficient manner. The important ratios that are useful for effective working capital management are inventory turnover, account payables and accounts receivables. The excess cash is parked by businesses through the marketable securities like debentures and bonds that could be converted into cash within a short period of time. The marketable securities for parking excess cash provide a source of high liquidity. The high liquidity requirement could be met by the corporations by use of marketable securities due to the presence of large number of buyers in the market. The financial instruments used to park excess cash are exposed to lesser market risk as these could be transformed into liquid cash at any point of time. 2. Assume that you are financial advisor to a business. Describe the advice that you would give to the client for raising business capital using both debt and equity options in today’s economy. The valuation of companies had become vulnerable from the period of economic recession which turned into a global financial meltdown. Although the situation has recovered to an extent since last year which was backed by performance of the emerging economies, the investors are still circumspect on investing in equities of the companies without doing adequate research. Thus the raising of business capital through a mix of debt and equity options would be suitable for the companies. The equity financing option of raising capital would involve issue of shares to the public for raising funds. The companies would have to share the profits with the increased number of shareholders. The risk of investments, however, would also be shared with investors. The ownership structure of the company would get diluted and the control over business decision making would be reduced. The funds raised through debt financing option are also painful for the companies over a period of time due to the regular interest payments to be done by them. The cost of debt financing, however, would be reduce due to the tax deductibility feature. Due to the tax shields, the companies are in a position to reduce their interest payments. Thus a debt-equity mix strategy for raising business capital is suitable for the

How does advertising affect society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How does advertising affect society - Essay Example The advertisers resort to the intricacies of psychology and affiliate to the nuances of audio-visual technology to influence and impact the human consciousness and thereby the human decision making capacity (Moton & Dumler, 2009, p. 538). Whether it is the real world or the virtual world, the domain of the world of advertising is vast and pervasive. Though advertising tends to influence and affect the human decision making capacity in a variety of ways, yet, one essential negative impact of advertising is that it wraps and distorts the human capacity to make informed decisions in ways that augment dissatisfaction and make human life quiet superficial and disconnected with a sense of personal conviction. One essential attribute of a sound human personality is that it endows a person with the capacity to decide as to what one really needs to lead a satisfied and contented life. Almost everyone is tentatively aware of the fact that quintessentially speaking, human needs tend to be few a nd narrow and given a choice, most of the humans do have the capacity to allocate their monetary resources in a manner that leaves them content and satisfied (Moton & Dumler, 2009, p. 538). Yet, in the contemporary world marred by advertising, this premise seems to be more of a cherished ideal rather than being a simple fact of life. Going by the fact that in the modern civilization, the human mind is constantly bombarded by advertisements, it is but natural that influenced by these, many people tend to develop a distorted sense of life (Moton & Dumler, 2009, p. 538). ... n, what are the things that they simply cannot do without and how they ought to lead their life, everything is to a great extent determined by the media and the advertisements that they get daily exposed to? Advertising makes people buy things that they do not really need and that they simply do not afford, leaving them emotionally and financially famished (Hood, 2009, p. 92). Advertising makes people lose contact with their true self and ushers in an artificiality and wastefulness into their lives. Many people, most of them affiliated to the world of sales and marketing do say that advertising tends to be informative and it helps the individuals and groups engage in informed decision making and thereby enhance human satisfaction (Moton & Dumler, 2009, p. 538). However, things are not as simple as that. Advertising not only tends inform people about the new products and services, but many advertisers do proceed a step ahead to create in people a false sense of need and try to convinc e them that buying a particular commodity or a service will add to their sense of happiness (Moton & Dumler, 2009, p. 538). Many people do get carried away with the distorted reasoning imbued in the advertisements and do end up thinking that spending money on unwanted material possessions will make them happy (Hood, 2009, p. 40). There is no dearth of people who go out of the way to model their personal and family life in consonance with the ideals being projected by the advertisements (Sutherland, 2008). It is fact that could readily be verified that many popular human aspirations like buying a big house even if one simply do not need it, buying a big car, dressing up in a particular way, purchasing specific food products and items, aspiring to gain a specific type of look and physique,

Mythology Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Mythology Research Paper - Essay Example It has in fact been used to stir so many other adventure tales then and now.What is interesting is that the original Greek mythology version involved no glorification of the victor. "For he who was all the world to me, as well thou knowest, hath turned out the worst of men, my own husband." It was the will of the goddess, Hera, herself that Medea fall in love and so it was arranged. Having been unsuspectingly struck by Cupid, she found herself slave to the wishes of the man she loved. She betrayed her father, dismembered her brother and made a criminal of herself in his name. Now, how would such a woman deliver her vengeance if the man to whom all her passions were devoted deserted her The central character was a woman who was about to be deserted by her husband, Jason, who was about to marry the daughter of the King of Corinth in order to further himself. But while Jason thought of nothing but ambition, Medea thought of nothing but her husband. That Medea loved her husband is clear, and Edith Hamilton speaks of that love in its earliest stages in rose-colored language: He spoke first and He spoke first and implored her to be kind to hum. He could not but have hope, he said, because her loveliness must surely mean that she excelled in gentle courtesy. She did not know how to speak to him; she wanted to pour out all she felt at once. Silently she drew the box of ointment from her bosom and gave it to him. She would have given her soul to hum if he had asked her. And now both were fixing their eyes on the ground abashed, and again were throwing glances at each other, smiling with love's desire. (125) Prior to being married and exiled in Corinth, Medea and Jason had been brought together by Hera and Aphrodite so Jason could take possession of the Golden Fleece. Jason was the son of a Grecian king who had been robbed of his rightful seat by his own cousin. He had wanted to regain control, which -his cousin, Pelias, had claimed- would be graciously given to him if he could produce the Golden Fleece. The Golden Fleece had then been in the possession of Medea's father, King Aetus but he too had been unwilling to give away the magical artifact. In order to ensure that the strangers never obtained it, King Aetus had devised a challenge impossible to overcome. Medea had

Beautyism in the Workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Beautyism in the Workplace - Essay Example The phenomenon thrives on the assumption that the physical appeal of a candidate supersedes knowledge, value and anything personable. It has become a socially accepted behavior that now defines subsequent human resource department processes such as performance appraisal and promotions. Potential Discriminatory Effects of Beautyism on Hiring In WorkplaceBeautyism reduces the job opportunities for certain individuals in the workplace (Gilliland, Steiner & Skarlicki, 2007). The hiring standards are based on the physical attraction of a person other than the qualifications they have for the job. Consequently, the diversity of the workplace becomes upset because the hiring process is limits the pool of the prospective candidates who might have qualified for the job. Individuals who are physically attractive enjoy more job prospects because they are assumed to be intelligent and successful at the expense of the unattractive lot.   A person loses out on a job because he or she did not imp ress the hiring managers. The process becomes the highest order of injustice. Beautyism results to gender-based discrimination in the workplace. There are departments that prefer a particular gender to assume roles and responsibilities (York, Tyler, Tyler & Gugel, 2008). For example, public relations, marketing and reception departments base their prospective candidacy on physical attractive. The departments prefer female candidates over male because the female lot is presentable to the clientele than the male.

An Illusion for the Masses Essay Example for Free

An Illusion for the Masses Essay â€Å"Patriotism is the last refuge of the scoundrel.† So said 18th Century British writer Samuel Johnson. One can start to think about patriotism in its many forms but still arrive at the same juncture, it is simply people’s need to align themselves with a larger identity. This larger identity could range from a neighbourhood to a sports team to a nation. Finding security, seeking pleasure, are, in my humble opinion, the most basic of human motives, which patriotism helps indulge. It evokes a sense of belonging, instilling the illusion of safety among a mass. Patriotism in its present form, surely, is a human construct. True, it could be argued that it is derived from the primeval habit of being territorial, but territorialism has never really reached the giddying heights or (depending on how you look at it) the appalling depths of patriotism. What does it mean to be patriotic? Amman Madan, writes in the wake of the immensely violent Godhra riots, â€Å"Today when the burnt heaps in Gujarat are still smouldering, when Ayodhya promises to catch fire any day, it is necessary to examine a central question: what is patriotism? Where do its roots lie?† (Madan, Para 1) The dictionary definition of the term covers all manners of sins devoted love, support, and defence of ones country; national loyalty. With the gross amount of connotations both political and emotional attached to that word, one is bound to be confused whether it is sheer naà ¯vety on the general public’s part or a sizeable chunk of cynicism on mine. After more than 60 years of independence one feels the need to rethink and redefine patriotism, is it a sign of loyalty to the nation or a misused sentiment? In a very direct yet in a seemingly deceptive way, nationalism is by all regards, an illusion. I use the word illusion in relation to patriotism in the literal sense that it is a tool wielded by many a manipulators to influence and corrupt an impressionable mind into doing their bidding. In his seminal lecture â€Å"Is Patriotism a Virtue?† Alasdair Macintyre contrasts patriotism with the liberal commitment to certain universal values and principles. He states that Patriotism is not the idea of loving\fighting for one’s country. It is but simply, â€Å"A loyalty to a particular nation which only those possessing that nationality can have.† He goes on to talk about how â€Å"patriotism is a not a virtue because it is not to judge form an impersonal standpoint. An impersonal standpoint involves judging independently of ones own interests, affections, and social position. In this, one must abstract oneself from particularity and partiality.† In modern times patriotism is often used out of context or in a convolutedly romanticised way. The Jihad, the American â€Å"War on Terror†, the Arab -Israeli conflict, The Indo-Pak conflict and many other current scenarios are an effect of a (usually) misplaced sense of patriotism present in large pockets throughout the organisation, which is again exploited by their respective political heads. While ploughing through pages of information on patriotism online for this paper, I found a rather disconcerting article on a seemingly innocent website titled â€Å"India Parenting†; the article was titled â€Å"Do You Instil Patriotism in Your Children?† It `goes on to say that â€Å"Children have to be told the significance of their country. Otherwise, they are bound to grow up without any special fond feelings for their country. Such discipline helps to shape them into responsible citizens†. However, it fails to state anywhere in the article as to how exactly one is supposed to believe that knowing the national anthem, or the date of independence makes one socially responsible. When looking at patriotism it is especially important to distinguish it from nationalism. India as a â€Å"nation† never existed before August 15, 1947, so the structure of nationalism, as we know it today, began only since. The patriotism that existed pre-independence was one f uelled by a desire to rid India of the British Raj. What composes todays patriotism, with insignia like the National Flag and the National Anthem? Can streams of plastic imitation flags which are soon strewn across the school playground or discarded in dustbins be symbols of India? (Rajagopal,H. Para 3) â€Å"Nothing could be more calamitous than for patriotism to become established with the religion of a country.† (Eastman, Para 1) Written in 1917, these prophetic words were horrifically realized during the Partition of the Sub-Continent. In a couple of months in the summer of 1947, close to a million people were slaughtered on both sides in the religious rioting, all in the name of two distinct nations for different religions. This tumultuous time blurred the line irreversibly between religion and patriotism in the sub -continent, to this day quite a large chunk of religious slurs that are hurled around are essentially contriv ed forms of an â€Å"anti-national† or vice versa. Patriotism, over time has acquired a fair share of critics including Russian novelist and thinker Leo Tolstoy, who is famous to have stated that patriotism: â€Å"..Is stupid because every patriot holds his own country to be the best of all whereas, obviously, only one country can qualify. It is immoral because it enjoins us to promote our countrys interests at the expense of all other countries and by any means, including war, and is thus at odds with the most basic rule of morality, which tells us not to do to others what we would not want them to do to us† I find myself being very sceptical of people, or â€Å"patriots who say they would die for their country, it’s important not to misunderstand me at this juncture, I do not mean to trivialise the millions that have died, but my problem with that statement is a simple one. We humans are, quintessentially, selfish and we constantly seek pleasure or personal gain, so the idea of one’s profound sacrifice for one’s country just for the betterment of one’s â€Å"nation† is a rather sketchy one. There is always that stench of a sneaky ulterior motive behind seeking martyrdom, it could be the promise of 7 virgins waiting in heaven to fulfil one’s fantasies or even just the lure of possible immortality associated with a death, â€Å"Men willingly believe what they wish.†(Caesar, Julius) It is the self- delusion that they indulge themselves in, constantly hiding beneath the broad banner of patriotism is something that doesn’t really work for me. Fundamentally, I’m saying that one needn’t try to fool themselves and others (however romantic it may sound) of their motives, just look at it for what it really is, it is all but just another glorified way to get what you want. The immensely successful (and one might even have the cheek to say patriotic) General George S. Patton, in all his honesty, is famous to have said, â€Å"The object of war is not to die for your country but to make the other bastard die for his.† Bibliography Macintyre, Alasdair. â€Å"Is Patriotism a Virtue?† (The Lindley Lecture), of Kansas. Reprinted in Primoratz (ed.) (2002). Lawrence: University Madan, Amman. â€Å"What is Patriotism?† The Hindu, April (2002): 7 Tolstoy, Leo and â€Å"Patriotism, or Peace?† Society http://www.salsa.net/peace/conv/8weekconv7-3.html. Philadelphia: New India Parenting, â€Å"Do You Instil Patriotism in Your Children?†, 8-03-11 http://www.indiaparenting.com/raisingchildren/253_1357/do-you-instill-patriotism-in-your-children.html Rajagopal, Harini, â€Å"Patriotism: an alternative view† The Hindu Online, September 01, 2001http://www.hinduonnet.com/2001/09/01/stories/13011106.htm 15-03-11 Eastman, Max, â€Å"The Religion of Patriotism†, Marxist, July 1917 http://www.marxists.org/history/etol/writers/eastman/works/1910s/patriot.htm 15-03-01

Developing Education in Latin American Countries

Developing Education in Latin American Countries Increasing the quality of Education in Latin American Countries Josà © Luis Llumiquinga Molina Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze the ways in which Latin American countries can improve their education. Latin American countries have always been classified as underdeveloped and poor, and one of the causes for which they have been classified as poor and underdeveloped is because of the low level of education that these countries have. There are some things that can be done to improve the education of growing nations. This study shows with practical things, the actions that the Latin Americans governments can do like investing in teachers training, buying technology equipment or focusing on students innovation and creativity. The expected results in this work should show that with these changes education must improve significantly. In conclusion to improve education in Latin countries the different states must invest in key areas for education. Key Words: Education, Latin American Countries, teacher training, technology, innovation and creativity Nations in other parts of the world have always classified Latin American countries as developing countries and this is due to low levels of education and poverty present in Latin America. Each year, international exams such as the PISA show that Latin American countries are below the international average in education. (Pisa results in focus, 2012). For a country, it depending on others and become a productive power and leader in knowledge, it is necessary that education be taken more into account by Latin American governments, who should invest more in this field. In addition to the investments in infrastructure that governments can make must they invested in the greatest productive force of all that is the strength of people. Governments must invest in the education of people so that they can overcome themselves and not depend on the charity of others. Latin American education quality can be improved by investing in the following three key points of education: teacher training, th e use of new technology and the promotion of student ´s interest in innovation and creativity Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever. (Quotes about Education, n.d.). The teachers of any educational institution in the world are fundamental for the process of teaching young learners to be effective, teachers are the guides of their students because they are the ones who bring new knowledge to their students and arouse interest of their students in some future profession, teachers are forming the future of society; That is why it is necessary for teachers to be able to teach correctly, that is to say that their students take ownership of the knowledge with the help of the teacher, then good education would be achieved with educational training of teachers with periodic tests and agreements with international universities that improve the education of teachers. In order for a teacher to teach his students correctly, the teacher must have all his knowledge updated and this is achieved thanks to continuous training as has been done in Ecuador since 2008. Another way to keep trained teachers is through periodic tests that require teachers to study regularly to ensure that their knowledge is updated. An example of periodic test is the evaluations made in Malaysia to teachers, A total of 1,022 English teachers are now undergoing the Cambridge Placement Test (CPT) in their respective districts in Sabah. Education Director Datuk Jame Alip (pic) said on Wednesday the course is aimed to improve their English skills and teaching pedagogy methods (Malaysia, n.d.). Another way to train teachers is to give them the opportunity to get fourth-level titles like in Finland. Teachers in Latin American countries must have opportunities to progress and increase their knowledge to improve their educational capacities and thus improve the overall education of a nation since the education of a country does not improve only by investing in the infrastructure of educational institutions But that investment in one of the most important parts of education prevails, this part is the teachers who, by giving them the opportunity to become learned in their subject matter, is contributing to the teachers being able to explain very easily one Theme and thus contribute to quality education. Quality education is something that can be achieved by giving greater importance to the education and training of teachers, a training that must be continuous and with the opportunity to study in international universities that give teachers more experience and knowledge to the Teachers therefore a real education is given when all members of this process, especially teachers, have adequate levels of training to provide an education that is beneficial to young people who in the future will be contributing with great knowledge to society . Technology is nothing. The important thing is that you have faith in people, that they are basically good and intelligent, and if you give them tools, they will do wonderful things with them (Jobs, n.d.). The second key pint, technology in classrooms is an important resource to improve education in any part of the world because with technology, access to information is very easy, it also promotes research because with technological equipment, the speed with which it is Access to information is the best, so one way to get a better education is through investments by the state in computers and the Internet in addition should use free software programs focused on education. With the provision of computers and internet in different educational institutions can significantly improve the education of students, students who may have never seen a computer in the past can now have the opportunity to learn to use them by breaking many digital gaps, improving Thus substantially the knowledge; The students besides improving their general knowledge could improve their technical knowledge by the simple use of these computational equipment. Students who already have computers and also access to the Internet will have at their disposal an unimaginable amount of information that they can use to improve their knowledge; This has a risk and is that students believe true everything they find on the internet but with the help of a teacher who guides their students this will not be a problem. Also with internet students can be communicated and thus could work together in an online way Free software can be a great educational tool because the costs of acquiring these programs do not exist and this means a great saving for educational institutions, who want to acquire didactic teaching programs at a low cost. An example of free software is the program Scratch is a free programming language and online community developed by the MIT Media Labs Lifelong Kindergarten group (Segal, 2016). This program is an environment in which children can learn to program in a playful and very easy way, in this Program can be programmed games for leisure or games for learning; The Scratch program can be an indispensable learning tool because students have fun while learning and in the end this can be a great way to improve knowledge (Segal, 2016). There are many other programs that can be of help to students, there are free programs such as google docs that can be used to perform group work regardless of distance, this type of program can be used to improve cooperatives among students. Another very useful program is Duolingo, this is a multiplatform program, that is to say that it can work in computers or any type of Smartphone, this program is free and also is a program that is used to learn other languages à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹through games; This program can be used in classrooms as a complement to normal classes (Segal, 2016). A very successful way to improve education is the use of technology, states can improve the education of their students through successful investments in computers, internet and over-the-counter programs, this set can become very useful because it improves The knowledge of its students by the new information that they can acquire and by the new skills that can get by the simple use of technological equipment that is why the technology is indispensable for an improvement in educational quality. Creativity involves breaking with established patterns to look at things differently (Las 75 Mejores Frases de Creatividad, n.d.). The last point, Research and creativity are two things that are very closely linked, scientists investigate to solve problems, understand phenomena of nature or to discover something new but this is achieved with creativity because creativity is the basis for the invention of some A new device that helps research creativity helps us to break the rules of the known to look for new things never seen before or even though (Ossola, 2016). So for a person to improve is necessary to create new things, to investigate what he does not understand. Education is the basis for a society to change and improve, but for real education to be a reality students should be encouraged to research and promote creativity. One way students improve their interest in research is by integrating them into extra-class clubs, these types of clubs must accept students who are curious about the subject even if they have not the slightest idea of what the Club Student creativity can be greatly enhanced by classroom activities where you have to expose something or demonstrate unprepared skills because students learn to think faster, learn to be resourceful, learn to solve problems faster Definitive are more creative. An example to improve the creativity of the students is to organize groups, give them different topics and organize debates in which each one has to think quickly what he is going to say. Quality in education is achieved with many factors but one of the most important are those that involve the students interest in research and the students ability to be creative, and this is achieved with the students motivation to discover new things as Is given in the case of extracurricular clubs and with the creativity of the student that is given when he learns to think and to develop quickly; Thats why students who are happier doing what they like are the ones with the most knowledge. Conclusion To finish education is an issue that should be of paramount importance for all governments in the world because education is able to overcome poverty and grow not only economically but culturally so that the Latin American people leave behind all that History of poverty and ignorance should improve the education of their youth and to achieve this requires that teachers constantly update their knowledge so that they can teach the right to their students and adequately; It is necessary to invest in technological equipment that will help in the classes and the students must be inculcated the interest in the investigation and the capacity to be creative so that they themselves are the ones that generate their own knowledge and in the future they become people Critical In order to improve education in Latin American countries, a comprehensive work by governments involving both teachers and students and technological infrastructure is needed. References Actualizacià ³n Docente i. (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2016, from https://educacion.gob.ec/oferta-de-cursos-de-actualizacion-docente/ Childress, S. (2016). A Young Tinkerer Builds a Windmill, Electrifying a Nation. WSJ. Retrieved 21 November 2016, from http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB119742696302722641 Compton, R.(2011). The Finland Phenomenon à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Compton, R.(2011). The Finland Phenomenon Docentes ecuatorianos obtienen su master gracias a un programa del gobierno. (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2016, from http://www.andes.info.ec/es/noticias/docentes-ecuatorianos-obtienen-master-gracias-programa-gobierno.html-0 Formacià ³n Docente. (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2016, from http://mecapacito.educacion.gob.ec/ H. (2016). 51 Frases de Tecnologà ­a de Grandes Hombres. Retrieved November 18, 2016, from http://www.lifeder.com/frases-de-tecnologia/ H. (2016). Las 75 Mejores Frases de Creatividad. Retrieved November 18, 2016, from http://www.lifeder.com/frases-de-creatividad/ Malaysia: 1,022 teachers take Cambridge Placement Test. (n.d.). Retrieved December 01, 2016, from http://www.eltnews.com/news/archives/2014/01/malaysia_1022_teachers_take_cambridge_placement_test.html Ossola, A. (2016). Scientists Are More Creative Than You Might Imagine. The Atlantic. Retrieved 21 November 2016. PISA 2012 Results. (n.d.). Retrieved December 01, 2016, from http://www.oecd.org/pisa/keyfindings/pisa-2012-results.htm Segal, S. (2016). The case for disruption in Latin Americas classrooms. World Economic Forum. Retrieved 21 November 2016. .. (n.d.). Citas, Pensamientos, Frases de EDUCACION. Retrieved November 116, 2016, from http://www.pensamientos.org/pensamientoseducacion.htm Quotes about Education (7687 quotes). (n.d.). Retrieved December 01, 2016, from http://www.goodreads.com/quotes/tag/education

Burberry Brand Faced Lot Of Problems Marketing Essay

Burberry Brand Faced Lot Of Problems Marketing Essay Compare Burberrys market position relative to that of its competitors, including Polo, Armani and Gucci. Answers: Burberry had positioned itself into a luxury lifestyle brand that was inspirational, stylish, and innovative brand. Burberry had targeted its brand in order to attract younger customer base along with the traditional stodgy looking, conservative and a customer based skewed towards the older generation. Therefore, the market positioning for Burberry can appeal to the hip 25-year-old man or the conservative 65 year old man. Burberry had become a brand symbolizing both luxury and durability. Burberry was focused for a niche segment between brands such as Polo Ralph Lauren and Giorgio Armani in Apparel, and between Coach and Gucci in accessories. Burberry had a particular price point and for a particular price segment. Burberry was never just a classic brand or a brand always having a cutting edge but had always maintained itself as a accessible luxury brand. The point of difference (PoD) which made Burberry unique was its functionality, i.e. the products had a purpose. Burberry was an aspirational brand with functionality which made it unique. Burberry had comfortably nestled itself between a lifestyle (represented by Ralph Lauren) high end fashion products (represented by Gucci) in the accessories and some men apparel and the high end brand in womens apparel and most mens apparel. Market Share In terms of Market share, the Exhibit13 display that Burberry has the fourth largest market share at 5.2%. The relative performance of Burberry as compared to Polo, Armani and Gucci are as follows: ______________________________ Players____________Market Share Polo Ralph Lauren 9.1% Burberry 5.2% Gucci 4.4% Giorgio Armani 3.5% Source Accessories Exhibit14 shows the sales of accessories in Eur(mn) of Burberry in comparison to the other brands. The accessories of Burberry had an sales of 445 Eur(million). In comparison to the other brands the sales of 2001 were: _____________________________ Players________________Eur(Mn) Gucci 1,394 Polo Ralph Lauren 484 Burberry 445 Source In terms of sales Louis Vuitton had the most amount of sales. Gucci and Polo Ralph Lauren had more amounts of sales in terms of revenue as compared to Burberry. Apparel Exhibit14 shows the sales of apparel in Eur(mn) of Burberry in comparison to the other brands. The apparel of Burberry had an sales of 988 Eur(million). In comparison to the other brands the sales of 2001 were: __________________________ Players________________Eur(Mn) Polo Ralph Lauren 3,621 Burberry 988 Georgio Armani 661 Source In terms of sales, Polo Ralph Lauren had the most amount of sales. Burberry had more amounts of sales in terms of revenue as compared to Georgio Armani. Advertisement Expenditure The following is the amount of expenditure done by the fashion companies with respect to burberrys advertisement expenditure ______________________________ Players_________________Eur(Mn) Burberry 98 Giorgio Armani 72 Gucci Division 111 Polo Ralph Lauren 100 Gucci has spent the maximum on advertisement expenditure, followed by Polo and then by Burberry. Giorgio Armani witnessed the least advertisement expenditure for 72 million. Source Question 2) Is Burberrys competitive position sustainable over a long term? Answer: There are some constraints that Burberry is facing, these are : The marketplace and current trends are constantly changing. Everyone is a competition. High Income people shop everywhere, and lower income people are starting to shop for for affluent brand names. The brands sales rely heavily on the Burberry check. With emergence of new customer base, looking towards them might create a danger of alienating old client base. The new management of Burberry has overcome these constraints efficiently, but with the rise in competition, the management has to work really hard to keep the brand contemporary and moving in the positive direction. Question 3) Bravos team is currently carrying out several initiatives including multiple collections, multiple channels and multiple licenses. What is the role of each of these initiatives in Burberrys overall business model? Multiple Collections: Under Bravo Burberry was positioned as a brand in between Polo Ralph Lauren and Giorgio Armani in apparels and between Coach and Gucci in accessories. Bravo wanted the Burberry brand to appeal younger generation, while maintaining its old customer base. In order to reposition the brand and attract new customers base Burberry launched multiple collections. The other reason for launching multiple collections was to remain consistent with the current fashion trend in the market. Bravos team started slashing the number of SKUs to eliminate outdated designs and had a consistent look across the products. Each season Burberry used to introduce 450 to 500 womens apparel styles and 330 to 350 mens apparel styles. These collection were very cross generational i.e. it targeted people in the age range of 25 to 60. In this way Burberry made itself more visible and easily approachable for the customer. In order to make people aware that something new is happening at the Burberry, a high profile high-end brand called Prorsum was introduced. Prorsum was available only in the best stores of the world. Through its multiple collections Burberry was s uccessful in creating an image of high fashion brand yet approachable for the customers. Multiple Channels: Burberry Brand faced lot a problem before Bravo joined due to parallel trading, which had a negative impact on its process and brand image. Burberry had 3 channels of distribution retail, wholesalers and licensed partners. By the end of 2002 Burberry had nearly 3162 wholesalers worldwide which included 434 departmental store and 2728 speciality stores. Burberry also had 132 company owned stores all over the world. These company stores where designed to display the entire product range, showcase the company vision and were also used as a testing ground for new concepts. Multiple channel helped Burberry increase its visibility among the customer, which in turn helped in acquiring new customers. Prices of products were raised to reflect the brands new positioning as a result the margin increased to 56% to 47%. Multiple licenses: Burberry exercised complete control over sourcing, designing, manufacturing and distribution. When specific expertise was required to certain product Burberry used licensees who had design, manufacturing and distribution. Burberry used licensees mainly in accessories business where they didnt have competitive advantage. Having control over the licenses, wholesalers and distributors helped Burberry in repositioning its brand and creating a positive image among the customers. In the process Burberry bought some of the distributors to stop parallel trading and have a tighter control over the process. Elevating the prices. Control over communications global communications. Question 4) Has Bravos team managed to elevate the overall status of the Burberry brand? Answer: The Bravo team was very successful in elevating the overall status of the Burberry brand. This was not an easy task or something that was accomplished overnight. Bravos goal when she took over was to transform Burberry into a luxury lifestyle brand that was aspirational, stylish and innovative. Some immediate changes made to Burberry to help accomplish this and elevate the overall status were cosmetic. This included changing the companys name from Burberrys to Burberry and introducing a contemporary new logo and packaging. Then Bravo went onto reposition the brand. This meant attracting younger customers while retaining Burberrys core customer base. The product line was also updated. The new product line included product classified as either continuity or fashion oriented. Continuity products were expected to have much longer lifecycles and fashion oriented products were responsive to fashion trends. Burberry also updated its product line to have three primary collections: wo mens wear, menswear, and accessories. With all of these new and radical changes, Burberry was able to elevate the overall status of its brand. Balance between continuity and fashion oriented products Balance between mens and womens wear (27% vs 33%) mens wear has relatively longer PLC Balance between accessories and apparels Balanced distribution Sales = 39% DOS 52% Distributors 10% Licenses Greater geographical balance dependence on Asia 75% Brand tier strategy London, Prorsum, Thomas Black.Blue.

Communication Barriers Essay example -- Manager Leader Communication

A truly successful leader not only has to master the necessary business skills, the technology that makes a business efficient, but the greatest tool for success is the art of communication, so you can share your ideas and they are understood and carried out using every communication tool available. A common denominator among managers that fail in business and life is as a result of failing to overcome barriers to communication, these are often as a result of a lack of proper communication skills, prejudice, lack of information, a loss of touch, cultural and language differences. â€Å"A national survey conducted by the U.S. Labor Department concluded that 20 percent of all U.S. managers lack effective communication skills† (Gordon, 2000, p. 158). â€Å"Leaders take communications seriously. Many leadership scholars advocate speech lessons and presentations skills for those desiring to share vital messages of vision and purpose to those within their influence. Yet for all the writing and talking, speech classes and seminars on presentation skills, it is astonishing to realize that a mere 7-10% of our normal day is verbal† (Nidert, 1999, pp. 153-154). Why is it then that we spend all of our time preparing for spoken conversations and no time learning how our nonverbal communications effect how our message is heard, seldom do we consider how our body language affects that message. â€Å"Inconsistency between language and action will cancel out what is said, no matter what is said, no matter how often, loudly, eloquently or clearly spoken. If your speech does not match your behavior, those within your sphere of influence will, over time, begin to discount what you say in favor of what you didn’t say† (Nidert, 1999, p. 155). â€Å"As we fo... ...A common denominator among managers that fail in business and life is as a result of failing to overcome barriers to communication. Works Cited de Janasz, S. C., Dowd, K. O., & Schnieder, B. Z. (2009). Interpersonal Skills in Oragnization. New York: McGraw-Hill/ Irwin . Dotlich, D. C. (1998). Synergy: Why Links Between Business Units so Often Fail and How to Make Them Work. Oxford: Capstone Publishing Ltd. Gordon, E. E. (2000). Skill Wars: Winning the Battle for Productivity and Profit. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann. Jones, T. E. (1999). If It's Broken, You Can Fic It: Overcoming Dysfuction In the Workplace. New York : AMACOM. Nidert, D. (1999). The Four Seasons of Leadership. Provo: Utah executive Excellence. Osblad, J. S., Turner, M. E., Kolb, D. A., & M., R. I. (2007). The Organization Behavior Reader. Upper saddle River: Pearson Prentice Hall. Communication Barriers Essay example -- Manager Leader Communication A truly successful leader not only has to master the necessary business skills, the technology that makes a business efficient, but the greatest tool for success is the art of communication, so you can share your ideas and they are understood and carried out using every communication tool available. A common denominator among managers that fail in business and life is as a result of failing to overcome barriers to communication, these are often as a result of a lack of proper communication skills, prejudice, lack of information, a loss of touch, cultural and language differences. â€Å"A national survey conducted by the U.S. Labor Department concluded that 20 percent of all U.S. managers lack effective communication skills† (Gordon, 2000, p. 158). â€Å"Leaders take communications seriously. Many leadership scholars advocate speech lessons and presentations skills for those desiring to share vital messages of vision and purpose to those within their influence. Yet for all the writing and talking, speech classes and seminars on presentation skills, it is astonishing to realize that a mere 7-10% of our normal day is verbal† (Nidert, 1999, pp. 153-154). Why is it then that we spend all of our time preparing for spoken conversations and no time learning how our nonverbal communications effect how our message is heard, seldom do we consider how our body language affects that message. â€Å"Inconsistency between language and action will cancel out what is said, no matter what is said, no matter how often, loudly, eloquently or clearly spoken. If your speech does not match your behavior, those within your sphere of influence will, over time, begin to discount what you say in favor of what you didn’t say† (Nidert, 1999, p. 155). â€Å"As we fo... ...A common denominator among managers that fail in business and life is as a result of failing to overcome barriers to communication. Works Cited de Janasz, S. C., Dowd, K. O., & Schnieder, B. Z. (2009). Interpersonal Skills in Oragnization. New York: McGraw-Hill/ Irwin . Dotlich, D. C. (1998). Synergy: Why Links Between Business Units so Often Fail and How to Make Them Work. Oxford: Capstone Publishing Ltd. Gordon, E. E. (2000). Skill Wars: Winning the Battle for Productivity and Profit. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann. Jones, T. E. (1999). If It's Broken, You Can Fic It: Overcoming Dysfuction In the Workplace. New York : AMACOM. Nidert, D. (1999). The Four Seasons of Leadership. Provo: Utah executive Excellence. Osblad, J. S., Turner, M. E., Kolb, D. A., & M., R. I. (2007). The Organization Behavior Reader. Upper saddle River: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Snowcrash :: Technology Electronics Cyberspace Essays

Snowcrash The day was finally here, the day to pick our novels to read for the semester. Being Nick I hadnt even looked at the reading list and the time was here to pick my novel. My friend in the class Maygan let me look at the reading list for a brief second. I skimmed through the list looking for an interesting book title and maybe a title that I could relate something in my life to. I picked the novel SnowCrash, by Neal Stephenson. SnowCrash, sounded like a fun snowboarding novel or winter novel that would be fun to read. Maybe something about a snow mobile crash. This book has no snow at all in it. . I was way off. This book has a more optimistic look on our future, and the outcome of our present technology. The book turns out to have a typical underdog vs. the world theme, but the plot is so intriguing that this should not dissuade you of the quality. One of the most distinctive features of cyberpunk is the technological aspect. Traditional science fiction dealt with things that were pos sible, but not probable. Cyberpunk not only deals possible, not just the probable, but technology that man already has. This is not to say that cyberpunks do not have there fair share of far flung imaginative human interface hookups and so forth, but they are talking about technology that if it were to be developed, it would be within the writers life time or so. The other difference in the technology that is described in cyberpunk is how it is used. Almost every person in the stories has access to the technology. More importantly, the technology involved normally allows for extreme human inter-action with it. The writer will make computers and humans connect, and allow the computer to alter the mind, human social behaviors, and/or society itself. Cyberpunk futures make computers not only become a part of everyday life, but a integral element for survival and prosperity. This aspect is the main plot in Gibson's novel. His main character, Chase, needs to find a way to reverse the damage in a chip in his head for him to do the type of work he wanted to do. Before cyberpunk, humans had control over their technology, and it was a separate entity, but now the distinction over how much a person is human and how much of them are machine is not so clear.

Computerized Physician Order Entry Essay

CPOE stands for Computerized Physician Order Entry and it is the feature of the electronic health record that improves quality of care, patient safety, and clinical efficiency. The CPOE can help the improvement of the medical workflow process in many kinds of ways. This is because the CPOE monitors any generating of related orders, any duplicate orders, prevent lost orders, eliminates any errors due to handwriting that is hard to read, reduce medication errors, reduce time that is spent filling orders, and improve productivity in the doctor’s office. Results that are computerized improve the medical workflow process because it eliminates any lagging time that is spent. This leaves more time for the patient to spend more time with the doctor and be treated faster. These results are easier to access rather than flipping through paper file. Having these improvements are beneficial to the patient. CPOE protects all patients because it helps reduces the medication errors of drug allergies, dosage issues, and interactions with drug to drug. With Computerized Physician Order Entry systems it detects all interactions and allergies and alerts them to the pharmacy. Once the alert comes in, the pharmacist will call the doctor and get it fixed before anything seriously bad would happen when the patient takes their medication. Thanks to CPOE, all these alerts help with saving lives. There are many benefits that come with the CPOE. One benefit is that it improves all documentation that is received by the ancillary department in the medical field. It reduces the mistakes that are made with the misinterpretation of prescription orders. With the CPOE, there is no need for re-entry of any data into the system of the ancillary department. Another great benefit is that it reduces all medical errors dealing with medications. When it comes to the medical field, CPOE helps catch all drug allergies that patients may have and any drug to drug interactions. The CPOE is the best benefit that a patient can have. The CPOE is so efficient that it allows doctors to spend more time treating patients instead of writing notes in the patient’s files. The doctor has more time to come up with a treatment plan for the patient and they would be able to sit there to explain it to them better. The CPOE can be time consuming and cost money. Once a medical facility passes the time and the cost then they would see the great benefits to the facility and to their patients. In conclusion, the Computerized Physician Order Entry will help with the improvement of a facility’s safety and care standards. That would give the patients satisfaction of their doctor and their treatment. The medical facility would also appreciate how easy the system is to use and the medical personnel would appreciate how much time they are saving with the system so they can attend to important matters. Technology in the medical field is going to continue to grow every year and it will focus on the patients and the medical staff.

Concept of Management Audit

The judgment of Management Audit The focusing canvass is more recent concept. It focuses on results, evaluating the say-so and suitability of controls by challenging central rules, procedures and methods. Management visits, which are generally performed internally, are compliance inspects plus cause-and-effect analysis. Management examine requires some additional constitute. It is a arrogant technique of evaluating the operation and effectiveness of the anxiety of a firm.This audit is conducted by an item-by-item auditor or auditing firm, who are experts in auditing. This is done yearly or periodically. The audit squad collects as many facts and discipline from office records and personal interviews with the personnel office of the firm. The team also collects data through questionnaires distributed among the personnel and customers and/or clients of the firm. The team shall submit recommendations to the focal point for future actions.Management may use these recomm endations for exacting the performance and accomplishments of the firm. According to Ferlyn L. Suvillaga it is a organized estimate of methods and policies of an organizations focussing in the administration and the use of resources and former(a) more. From the response of Loria Lyn M. Fernandez management audit is audit itself but instead of in accounts, it deals with the management. As explained by Rancy Mendoza it is the process of determining the single or group performance in an organization or business. Based on the statement of Ivey Anne Muncada it is a systematic assessment of companys organizational policies and administration. afterwards reading a very undeviating references, the researcher finally realized that management audit is very important, whether to organization, company or firm. It also requires some additional work because without work we cannot perform such management audit.

Prostitution of Children and Child Prostitutes

har dowerry Prostitution is defined as the act, usage or duty of offering the mortalate for inner relations for silver. (New Websters mental lexicon 1995802). The Encyclopedia Americana (1997) defined harlotry as the achieveance of versed acts with an separate person in return for the payment of a fee. youngster prostitution is therefore, prostitution embarked upon by baberen who argon below the age of 18 and argon supposed to be catered for by their pargonnts.It is comm save ac receiveledged that acts of prostitution argon performed by women for men nevertheless do arise when the acts argon d wiz by men for men. The context of this exit deals specially with female electric shaver prostitution. UNICEF considers churl prostitutes as young filles in energize trade, who atomic trope 18 between the age bracket of 8 and 16. (Jubilee Action Report 1995). In the Nigerian milieu, prostitutes below the age of 18 atomic number 18 regarded as kid prostitutes, since single persons preceding(prenominal) 18 years of age ar statutorily regarded as adults.Child prostitution is the get offual exploitation of girls and teenagers ( careful February 8, 20036). Available data appearance that approximately 1. 5 cardinal baby birdren in India, 1 million in Asia, 100,00 children in United States and cholecalciferol children in Latin America are controld in prostitution (Healy, 199535). provoke (February 8,20032) reported,there were about 300,000 child prostitutes on the streets, in an another(prenominal) land where dose trafficking flourishes. According to Jubilee Action report (199510), up to 1 million female children pith prostitution each year approximately the globe.However, the clandestine nature of child prostitution fuck offs it im manageable to calculate the exact occur of working prostitutes, n 1theless the internationalist jade Organization (ILO) analysis (1993-1994), estimates that between 0. 25% and 1. 5% of the total female worl d are engaged in this trade. Globally, child prostitution is illegal and it is also regarded as a barbarous crime, yet it persists. why? Child prostitution does not and happen. It is caused by a variety of ciphers several(prenominal)(prenominal) are perpetrated by the prostitutes themselves, while other factors are external to the prostitutes themselves.This is really a growing problem in actual world and development world worry Nigeria (Quintanilla, 199720). CAUSES OF chela harlotry IN Owerri municipal Council 1. Misery and POVERTY Poverty is the just about common reason why almost families sell the run of their female children to enlarge their in tally in enact to buy nutrient or clothes and other necessities of life. (Janssen, 200110). The expression of child labour is a rule factor that exposes children to prostitution. The hired female children are sent out to hawk viands items on the streets, motor parks, and mechanic garages thereby exposing them to rapes as well as sexual harassment s.Barnes H. C. (195995) find that whatever females bump off to prostitution due to sheer destitution. Awake (February 8,20035) reported that some street children lag to prostitution because they see it as their only means of survival. The Awake further associate an experience of a mother of 14-year-old girl who lured her daughter into this ignominious trade. The woman utter about her daughter, she was beautiful and that men would exchangeable her very much. Besides, she would earn a lot of money. In the evenings, the woman takes her daughter to a motel where they fare contacts.The mother stays close to receive the payments. Each night, this girl has sex with three or four men. 2. UNEMPLOYMENT Unemployment of either the parents or the child results in fallible source of income thereby forcing children into prostitution as an alternative means of income to encourage the family. Ironically, the International Labour Organization observes that a ch ilds dexterity to earn money is limited. It is estimated that the money earned by the child only contributes to approximately 10% of the familys overall income and therefore has minimal meat on the familys monetary earnings (Dimenstein, 199412).Due to high degree of unemployment, the brothels employ some female children who serve in their potable spots to promote their business. 3. HUMANS TRAFFICKING gay trafficking is another evil leading to child prostitution. Human trafficking which represent the worlds third largest criminal activity by-line only after drug and weapons trafficking is sometimes purported to send teenagers to other countries to work. These would-be workers who sometimes end up prostitutes actually work and repatriate money to their respective pedestal countries (Awake, February 8, 2003 5).Many times, hard times hit these fellows as they are deported to come and rest this profession at home. numerous of the female prostitutes come home to take some young females to their places either to help them or to make them their servants and at the long run they work converted to prostitution, which is their boss profession. 4. DECEPTION ENCOURAGES PROSTITUTION Pimps or brothel owners deceive some parents by paying them money and secure to enlist their children in their domestic services, which later turns to be prostitution.These brothel owners who are termed the girls owners take stop of the childs activities. Moreover, these owners do everything possible to retain these girls who earn money for them to represent their lavish lifestyle (Robinson, 200150) and (Dimenstein 199410). Apart from the pimps, other intermediaries who benefit from child prostitution do anything possible to see the act continued. some females are led into this act of prostitution by their master.Some of them could be anaesthetized by their masters in order to have gambling with them and when e sendually the woman of the house gets to know about the act she will be thrown out side to continue the act with other men including the master. 5. dys rompctional FAMILY ENVIRONMENT PROMOTES PROSTITUTION Children of broken homes residual wherever they see space to do so in the day, and go to the trip the light fantastic toe and nightclubs in the night. Ekejiuba I. K. (199613) discovered that ill preaching of children at home might make them to take to the street in order to find solace.Then the end result whitethorn be the hawking of their body to support themselves. 6 POOR EDUCATION Some children cannot support themselves materially in believe of low educational training they received, so they resort to prostitution as their only profession (Rodriguez- Garcia, 199955). Girl-child Education Initiative In Africa (January 200320) highlights the effect of brusque education in the whole of Africa. In connection with poor education, peer pressure, bad association The causes and cause of child prostitution in Owerri municipal Council and street ga nging contribute to child prostitution.Identifiably, a girl may end up as a prostitute by her association, peer pressure and by runnel with a street gang (Okebugwu, 198925) Adetore, (197460) Oti (198415) and mundane Times ( May 15,199912). 7. assist terror PROMOTES CHILD PROSTITUTION The high incidence of sexually transmitted diseases like AIDS make customers of prostitutes to look for children who are considered to be of low risk, and most probably virgins (Robinson, 200113). Patrons of child prostitutes are willing to pay a great deal of money to be a girls starting client.In the streets, brothels and drinking spots these days a lot of female children are world apply to help lure much male customers to their spots. Places like Amaram by Tetlow route and some places in Onyeche Street in Owerri have a high number of female child prostitutes who are employed only to facilitate their business. This is because there is the worry that other older female prostitutes in the same profession could have various STDs. 8. DRUG ABUSE AND ADDICTION are PRO-CHILD PROSTITUTIONThe influence of drugs can subject a child to prostitution and to certain indignifying acts of prostitution which she may otherwise never go to given her sound mind (Lewis 198070) and Udechi (198715). 9. mutiny AND FEELING OF INDEPENDENCE This is another factor promoting child prostitutions. Some girls are barefacedly bold. What is more, they feel that the body is theirs thus they should fall what to do with their body. (Bennet, G and Robert, P. 1985207). 10. PORNOGRAPHY AGGRAVATES CHILD PROSTITUTION carbon black also puts viewers at increased risk for developing sexually deviant tendencies. Awake July 22, 20037). Pornography is identified as promoting the rape romance which is a belief that women cause and get it on rape. Additionally, the repeated use of pornography interferes with the ability to enjoy and participate in normal marital intimacy. Dr. Victor Cline, who specializes in t reating sex addiction claims that deviant sexual acts results when a viewer tries to act out the pornography-based fantasies. 11. incestuous violation and rape in homes as a factor Some youths were attack in their own homes, which act changed their observation post in life.Some of such ones give vent to prostitution. Two other closely cerebrate causes of prostitution are glamor associated with it and quenchless sexual urges in some females. Blag(197668) observed that some prostitutes take to this lifestyle because of their ignorant desire for glamour or that they neediness to maintain a standard of life, which is undoable by ordinary means of earning, a life reminiscent of Greek aether. On the other hand, Ekejiuba(199614) identified other females, nymphomaniacs, who engage in prostitution for the sake of fun or pleasure they derive from it. 2 SUDDEN EXPOSURE Furthermore, illicit sleep together affairs in the presence of children may subject them to early prostitution. Some pa rents perform extra marital affairs in the presence of their wards. This exposes the children to early sex life. The ill-timed death of one or some(prenominal) of the parents has also been discovered as one of the causes of child prostitution. Because of the chasm created by such loss, a teenage girl may be fraught with the onerous task of ply for herself and other family members. More importantly, no one may exist to give stinkpot guideline on her.One Owerri girl who returned from Kumasi gold coast claimed that her give died when she was eight years. This demise of his father left her with the responsibility of catering for her younger siblings and her mother who hails from Kumasi, Ghana. These challenges make her to dabble into prostitution. Child prostitution is not without its consequences, some of which are seemingly pardonable, whereas others are taboo at mere mention of them. High digest of child prostitutes by wealthy men is another factor that has caused and sustaine d child prostitution ( Ekejiuba 1996 13).Some teenage girls find it demanding to resist the temptation of prostitution because of massive sum of money they receive there-from. This accounts for why some IMSU, Alvan and FUTO ladies readily avail themselves for this business. redness oriented scholars see prostitution as an outgrowth of capitalism. Many of these see the step-by-step removal of subsidy from petroleum, which is the main residual of Nigerian economy as exposing many persons to difficulty and leading to sexual promiscuity.